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Poster Session 4

Category: Epidemiology

Poster Session 4

(1121) Decreasing trends of tobacco use disorder among pregnant people in the United States

Thursday, February 12, 2026

3:30 PM - 5:00 PM

Submitting Author and Presenting Author(s)

Jennifer Yao, BA

University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine
Los Angeles, California, United States

Coauthor(s)

AL

Angelina Lim

LAGMC + USC OBGYN
Los Angeles, California, United States
AY

Aoi Yamaguchi, BS

Osaka University School of Medicine
Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
SK

Sawa Keymeulen, MD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles General Medical Center
Los Angeles, California, United States
JO

Joseph G. Ouzounian, MBA, MD

Professor and Chair of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California
Los Angeles, California, United States
KM

Koji Matsuo, MD, PhD

Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California
Los Angeles, California, United States

Objective:
A recent analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Vital Statistics System found that pregnant people with tobacco use disorder has decreased in the United States. To corroborate their findings in a different dataset, this study assessed the temporal trends of pregnant people with tobacco use disorder in the United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s dataset.

Study Design:
The cross-sectional study queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s National Inpatient Sample, including 24,976,627 hospital deliveries from 2016 to 2022. The prevalence of tobacco use disorder among pregnant people was summarized for each year. A multivariable generalized linear model was constructed to assess temporal trends, adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, primary payer, census-level median household income, region, other substance use disorders, and mental health disorders.

Results:
A total of 1,237,415 (5.0%) hospital deliveries had a diagnosis of tobacco use disorder. The annual prevalence of tobacco use disorder decreased by 28%, from 5.5% in 2016 to 4.0% in 2022 (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] for 2022 vs. 2016, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.71–0.72). The relative-decrease from 2016-2022 in tobacco use disorder was particularly high among younger people (age < 25, 7.1% to 4.7%, aRR 0.63, 95%CI 0.62-0.64; and age 25-29, 6.3% to 4.3%, aRR 0.67, 95%CI 0.67-0.68), those residing in regions including New England (5.2% to 3.2%, aRR 0.67, 95%CI 0.65-0.70), the Mid-Atlantic (4.9% to 3.3%, aRR 0.65, 95%CI 0.64-0.66), and the East North Central region (8.4% to 6.0%, aRR 0.68-0.70), and those with mental health conditions (anxiety disorder, 15.9% to 8.5%, aRR 0.62, 95%CI 0.61-0.64; and those with depressive disorder, 16.4% to 9.6%, aRR 0.66, 95%CI 0.65-0.68) (Table).

Conclusion:
This national-level assessment corroborated a prior study showing that pregnant people with tobacco use disorder has decreased in the United States. A near 30% decrease over a 7-year period is significant and promising.