Poster Session 3
Category: Infectious Diseases
Poster Session 3
Minhazur R. Sarker, MD
Fellow Physician
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego
San Diego, California, United States
Gregory W. Poorman, MPH
Dorsata, Inc.
Arlington, Virginia, United States
Timothy Wen, MD, MPH
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego
San Diego, California, United States
Rachel L. Wiley, MD, MPH (she/her/hers)
Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego
San Diego, California, United States
Barbara Levy, MD
Dorsata, Inc.
Arlington, Virginia, United States
Patrick Edmundson, BA
Dorsata, Inc.
Arlington, Virginia, United States
Ukachi N. Emeruwa, MD, MPH (she/her/hers)
Assistant Professor/Women's Reproductive Health Research Scholar
University of California San Diego
San Diego, California, United States
Leah M. Lamale-Smith, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego
San Diego, California, United States
Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, MD, MS (she/her/hers)
Professor and Chair
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego
San Diego, California, United States
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major contributor to infant morbidity and mortality. Recently, an antenatal RSV vaccine delivered between 32-36 weeks' gestation during RSV season was recommended to mitigate newborn complications. We aimed to assess the real-world efficacy of RSV vaccination on birth outcomes and newborn respiratory illnesses.
Study Design:
This retrospective cohort study utilized the Dorsata database, a structured prenatal electronic medical record with linked infant outcomes. Pregnant individuals eligible for RSV vaccination (defined as having at least two gestational weeks between 32-36 week) during the 2023-24 RSV season with live births > 34 weeks’ gestation were included. Infant outcomes (RSV and other respiratory illness diagnoses within the first year of life) and birth safety outcomes (preterm birth and preeclampsia) were compared by vaccination status as primary exposures. Adjusted logistic regression models were fit to assess the relationship between maternal vaccination status and infant outcomes, adjusting for clinical and demographic differences.
Results:
Of the 2,404 eligible patients, 1,955 (81.3%) did not receive the RSV vaccine. Among those vaccinated, there were lower rates of NICU admission (4.7% vs. 7.9%, p=0.03), and infant RSV diagnosis (0.2% vs. 1.4%, p=0.04) and any infant respiratory illness (8.7% vs. 16.1%, p< 0.01) within the first year of life (Table 1). Adjusted regression analysis noted a 47% decreased likelihood of having any infant respiratory illness (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.37-0.76, Table 2) among infants born to vaccinated individuals. There was no significant difference in infant RSV illness in the adjusted analysis, likely limited by small sample size. There were no differences in maternal safety outcomes by vaccination status (Table 1).
Conclusion:
Using real-world data, we found that antenatal vaccination with RSV decreased the incidence of any infant respiratory illnesses within the first year of life and was not associated with higher maternal risk. Our findings support the ongoing recommendation for antenatal RSV vaccination.